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We live in an increasingly automated world with complex interactions between the inventions we depend on as well as those we simply enjoy using. The interactions between these devices depend largely on the standardization efforts of the internetInternet. However, to achieve interoperability and full automotive between complex collections of machines such as cars, cities and homes deeper levels of agreed standards are needed. In the office setting, this has largely been resolved thanks to the widespread implementation of mostly the same software of all companies, such as Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office. These products represent an implementation of a closed architectural design that works with itself smoothly. Apple has a similar approach where design, testing, and support all comes from a single source. However, even in this environment issues have appeared when one company uses one product and another company uses the other.
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The introduction of the connected car puts the car industry in a situation that is very similar to the introduction of the connected computer back in the late 90s. Connecting computers to the internet Internet back then required IT to build the infrastructure to protect the computers on the internal networks. Fortunately, most of this IT software could be leveraged to protect the communication of the car to the external world. However, protecting the communication between the car computers and between the hostile environment and the car computers is still a challenge.
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